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Threat hunters have shed light on a "sophisticated and evolving malware toolkit" called Ragnar Loader that's used by various cybercrime and ransomware groups like Ragnar Locker (aka Monstrous Mantis), FIN7, FIN8, and Ruthless Mantis (ex-REvil). "Ragnar Loader plays a key role in keeping access to compromised systems, helping attackers stay in networks for long-term operations," Swiss cybersecurity company PRODAFT said in a statement shared with The Hacker News. "While it's linked to the Ragnar Locker group, it's unclear if they own it or just rent it out to others. What we do know is that its developers are constantly adding new features, making it more modular and harder to detect." Ragnar Loader, also referred to as Sardonic, was first documented by Bitdefender in August 2021 in connection with an unsuccessful attack carried out by FIN8 aimed at an unnamed financial institution located in the U.S. It's said to have been put to use ...

Microsoft has disclosed details of a large-scale malvertising campaign that's estimated to have impacted over one million devices globally as part of what it said is an opportunistic attack designed to steal sensitive information. The tech giant, which detected the activity in early December 2024, is tracking it under the broader umbrella Storm-0408, a moniker used for a set of threat actors that are known to distribute remote access or information-stealing malware via phishing, search engine optimization (SEO), or malvertising. "The attack originated from illegal streaming websites embedded with malvertising redirectors, leading to an intermediary website where the user was then redirected to GitHub and two other platforms," the Microsoft Threat Intelligence team said . "The campaign impacted a wide range of organizations and industries, including both consumer and enterprise devices, highlighting the indiscriminate nature of the attack." The most signifi...

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Detecting leaked credentials is only half the battle. The real challenge—and often the neglected half of the equation—is what happens after detection. New research from GitGuardian's State of Secrets Sprawl 2025 report reveals a disturbing trend: the vast majority of exposed company secrets discovered in public repositories remain valid for years after detection, creating an expanding attack surface that many organizations are failing to address. According to GitGuardian's analysis of exposed secrets across public GitHub repositories, an alarming percentage of credentials detected as far back as 2022 remain valid today: "Detecting a leaked secret is just the first step," says GitGuardian's research team. "The true challenge lies in swift remediation." Why Exposed Secrets Remain Valid This persistent validity suggests two troubling possibilities: either organizations are unaware their credentials have been exposed (a security visibility problem),...

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a malicious Python package on the Python Package Index (PyPI) repository that's equipped to steal a victim's Ethereum private keys by impersonating popular libraries. The package in question is set-utils , which has received 1,077 downloads to date. It's no longer available for download from the official registry. "Disguised as a simple utility for Python sets, the package mimics widely used libraries like python-utils (712M+ downloads) and utils (23.5M + downloads)," software supply chain security company Socket said . "This deception tricks unsuspecting developers into installing the compromised package, granting attackers unauthorized access to Ethereum wallets." The package aims to target Ethereum developers and organizations working with Python-based blockchain applications, particularly Python-based wallet management libraries like eth-account. Besides embedding the attacker's RSA public key to...

A coalition of international law enforcement agencies has seized the website associated with the cryptocurrency exchange Garantex ("garantex[.]org"), nearly three years after the service was sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury Department in April 2022. "The domain for Garantex has been seized by the United States Secret Service pursuant to a seizure warrant obtained by the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia under the authority of 18 U.S.C. §§ 981 and 982," reads a seizure banner on the website. The operation was carried out in coordination with the U.S. Department of Justice's Criminal Division, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Europol, the Dutch National Police, the German Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt aka BKA), the Frankfurt General Prosecutor's Office, the Finnish National Bureau of Investigation, and the Estonian National Criminal Police. Founded in 2019, Garantex was previously subject to U....

Safe{Wallet} has revealed that the cybersecurity incident that led to the Bybit $1.5 billion crypto heist is a "highly sophisticated, state-sponsored attack," stating the North Korean threat actors behind the hack took steps to erase traces of the malicious activity in an effort to hamper investigation efforts. The multi-signature (multisig) platform , which has roped in Google Cloud Mandiant to perform a forensic investigation, said the attack is the work of a hacking group dubbed TraderTraitor , which is also known as Jade Sleet, PUKCHONG, and UNC4899 . "The attack involved the compromise of a Safe{Wallet} developer's laptop ('Developer1') and the hijacking of AWS session tokens to bypass multi-factor authentication ('MFA') controls," it said . "This developer was one of the very few personnel that had higher access in order to perform their duties." Further analysis has determined that the threat actors broke into the developer...

Threat actors of unknown provenance have been attributed to a malicious campaign predominantly targeting organizations in Japan since January 2025. "The attacker has exploited the vulnerability CVE-2024-4577 , a remote code execution (RCE) flaw in the PHP-CGI implementation of PHP on Windows, to gain initial access to victim machines," Cisco Talos researcher Chetan Raghuprasad said in a technical report published Thursday. "The attacker utilizes plugins of the publicly available Cobalt Strike kit 'TaoWu' for-post exploitation activities." Targets of the malicious activity encompass companies across technology, telecommunications, entertainment, education, and e-commerce sectors in Japan. It all starts with the threat actors exploiting the CVE-2024-4577 vulnerability to gain initial access and run PowerShell scripts to execute the Cobalt Strike reverse HTTP shellcode payload to grant themselves persistent remote access to the compromised endpoint. Th...

Elastic has rolled out security updates to address a critical security flaw impacting the Kibana data visualization dashboard software for Elasticsearch that could result in arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-25015 , carries a CVSS score of 9.9 out of a maximum of 10.0. It has been described as a case of prototype pollution. "Prototype pollution in Kibana leads to arbitrary code execution via a crafted file upload and specifically crafted HTTP requests," the company said in an advisory released Wednesday. Prototype pollution vulnerability is a security flaw that allows attackers to manipulate an application's JavaScript objects and properties, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, privilege escalation, denial-of-service, or remote code execution.  The vulnerability affects all versions of Kibana between 8.15.0 and 8.17.3. It has been addressed in version 8.17.3. That said, in Kibana versions from 8.15.0 and prior to 8.17....

The financially motivated threat actor known as EncryptHub has been observed orchestrating sophisticated phishing campaigns to deploy information stealers and ransomware, while also working on a new product called EncryptRAT . "EncryptHub has been observed targeting users of popular applications, by distributing trojanized versions," Outpost24 KrakenLabs said in a new report shared with The Hacker News. "Furthermore, the threat actor has also made use of third-party Pay-Per-Install (PPI) distribution services." The cybersecurity company described the threat actor as a hacking group that makes operational security errors and as someone who incorporates exploits for popular security flaws into their attack campaigns. EncryptHub, also tracked by Swiss cybersecurity company PRODAFT as LARVA-208, is assessed to have become active towards the end of June 2024, relying on a variety of approaches ranging from SMS phishing (smishing) to voice phishing (vishing) in an at...

Cyber threats are growing more sophisticated, and traditional security approaches struggle to keep up. Organizations can no longer rely on periodic assessments or static vulnerability lists to stay secure. Instead, they need a dynamic approach that provides real-time insights into how attackers move through their environment. This is where attack graphs come in. By mapping potential attack paths, they offer a more strategic way to identify and mitigate risk. In this article, we'll explore the benefits, types, and practical applications of attack graphs. Understanding Attack Graphs An attack graph is a visual representation of potential attack paths within a system or network. It maps how an attacker could move through different security weaknesses - misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and credential exposures, etc. - to reach critical assets. Attack graphs can incorporate data from various sources, continuously update as environments change, and model real-world attack scenarios. ...

The threat actors behind the Medusa ransomware have claimed nearly 400 victims since it first emerged in January 2023, with the financially motivated attacks witnessing a 42% increase between 2023 and 2024. In the first two months of 2025 alone, the group has claimed over 40 attacks, according to data from the Symantec Threat Hunter Team shared with The Hacker News. The cybersecurity company is tracking the cluster under the name Spearwing. "Like the majority of ransomware operators, Spearwing and its affiliates carry out double extortion attacks, stealing victims' data before encrypting networks in order to increase the pressure on victims to pay a ransom," Symantec noted . "If victims refuse to pay, the group threatens to publish the stolen data on their data leaks site." While other ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) players like RansomHub (aka Greenbottle and Cyclops), Play (aka Balloonfly), and Qilin (aka Agenda, Stinkbug, and Water Galura) have benefite...