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Cline CLI 2.3.0 Supply Chain Attack Installed OpenClaw on Developer Systems

Cline CLI 2.3.0 Supply Chain Attack Installed OpenClaw on Developer Systems

Feb 20, 2026 Software Security / Artificial Intelligence
In yet another software supply chain attack, the open-source, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered coding assistant Cline CLI was updated to stealthily install OpenClaw , a self-hosted autonomous AI agent that has become exceedingly popular in the past few months. "On February 17, 2026, at 3:26 AM PT, an unauthorized party used a compromised npm publish token to publish an update to Cline CLI on the NPM registry: cline@2.3.0," the maintainers of the Cline package said in an advisory. "The published package contains a modified package.json with an added postinstall script: 'postinstall": "npm install -g openclaw@latest.'" As a result, this causes OpenClaw to be installed on the developer's machine when Cline version 2.3.0 is installed. Cline said no additional modifications were introduced to the package and there was no malicious behavior observed. However, it noted that the installation of OpenClaw was not authorized or intended. The s...
npm’s Update to Harden Their Supply Chain, and Points to Consider

npm’s Update to Harden Their Supply Chain, and Points to Consider

Feb 13, 2026 Supply Chain Security / DevSecOps
In December 2025, in response to the Sha1-Hulud incident, npm completed a major authentication overhaul intended to reduce supply-chain attacks. While the overhaul is a solid step forward, the changes don’t make npm projects immune from supply-chain attacks. npm is still susceptible to malware attacks – here’s what you need to know for a safer Node community. Let’s start with the original problem Historically, npm relied on classic tokens: long-lived, broadly scoped credentials that could persist indefinitely. If stolen, attackers could directly publish malicious versions to the author’s packages (no publicly verifiable source code needed). This made npm a prime vector for supply-chain attacks. Over time, numerous real-world incidents demonstrated this point. Shai-Hulud, Sha1-Hulud, and chalk/debug are examples of recent, notable attacks. npm’s solution To address this, npm made the following changes: npm revoked all classic tokens and defaulted to session-based tokens instead...
Over 67,000 Fake npm Packages Flood Registry in Worm-Like Spam Attack

Over 67,000 Fake npm Packages Flood Registry in Worm-Like Spam Attack

Nov 13, 2025 Software Supply Chain / Malware
Cybersecurity researchers are calling attention to a large-scale spam campaign that has flooded the npm registry with thousands of fake packages since early 2024 as part of a likely financially motivated effort. "The packages were systematically published over an extended period, flooding the npm registry with junk packages that survived in the ecosystem for almost two years," Endor Labs researchers Cris Staicu and Kiran Raj said in a Tuesday report. The coordinated campaign has so far published as many as 67,579 packages , according to SourceCodeRED security researcher Paul McCarty, who first flagged the activity. The end goal is quite unusual – It's designed to inundate the npm registry with random packages rather than focusing on data theft or other malicious behaviors. The worm-life propagation mechanism and the use of a distinctive naming scheme that relies on Indonesian names and food terms for the newly created packages have lent it the moniker IndonesianFood...
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Researchers Uncover Backdoor in Solana's Popular Web3.js npm Library

Researchers Uncover Backdoor in Solana's Popular Web3.js npm Library

Dec 04, 2024 Supply Chain Attack
Cybersecurity researchers are alerting to a software supply chain attack targeting the popular @solana/web3.js npm library that involved pushing two malicious versions capable of harvesting users' private keys with an aim to drain their cryptocurrency wallets. The attack has been detected in versions 1.95.6 and 1.95.7. Both these versions are no longer available for download from the npm registry. The package is widely used, attracting over 400,000 weekly downloads. "These compromised versions contain injected malicious code that is designed to steal private keys from unsuspecting developers and users, potentially enabling attackers to drain cryptocurrency wallets," Socket said in a report. @solana/web3.js is an npm package that can be used to interact with the Solana JavaScript software development kit (SDK) for building Node.js and web apps. According to Datadog security researcher Christophe Tafani-Dereeper , "the backdoor inserted in v1.95.7 adds an ...
Malicious Nx Packages in ‘s1ngularity’ Attack Leaked 2,349 GitHub, Cloud, and AI Credentials

Malicious Nx Packages in ‘s1ngularity’ Attack Leaked 2,349 GitHub, Cloud, and AI Credentials

Aug 28, 2025 AI Security / Cloud Security
The maintainers of the nx build system have alerted users to a supply chain attack that allowed attackers to publish malicious versions of the popular npm package and other auxiliary plugins with data-gathering capabilities. "Malicious versions of the nx package, as well as some supporting plugin packages, were published to npm, containing code that scans the file system, collects credentials, and posts them to GitHub as a repo under the user's accounts," the maintainers said in an advisory published Wednesday. Nx is an open-source, technology-agnostic build platform that's designed to manage codebases. It's advertised as an "AI-first build platform that connects everything from your editor to CI [continuous integration]." The npm package has over 3.5 million weekly downloads. The list of affected packages and versions is below. These versions have since been removed from the npm registry. The compromise of the nx package took place on August 26, 20...
GitHub Mandates 2FA and Short-Lived Tokens to Strengthen npm Supply Chain Security

GitHub Mandates 2FA and Short-Lived Tokens to Strengthen npm Supply Chain Security

Sep 23, 2025 Supply Chain Attack / Malware
GitHub on Monday announced that it will be changing its authentication and publishing options "in the near future" in response to a recent wave of supply chain attacks targeting the npm ecosystem, including the Shai-Hulud attack . This includes steps to address threats posed by token abuse and self-replicating malware by allowing local publishing with required two-factor authentication (2FA), granular tokens that will have a limited lifetime of seven days, and trusted publishing , which enables the ability to securely publish npm packages directly from CI/CD workflows using OpenID Connect (OIDC). Trusted publishing, besides eliminating the need for npm tokens, establishes cryptographic trust by authenticating each publish using short-lived, workflow-specific credentials that cannot be exfiltrated or reused. Even more significantly, the npm CLI automatically generates and publishes provenance attestations for the package. "Every package published via trusted publi...
Rspack npm Packages Compromised with Crypto Mining Malware in Supply Chain Attack

Rspack npm Packages Compromised with Crypto Mining Malware in Supply Chain Attack

Dec 20, 2024 Malware / Supply Chain Attack
The developers of Rspack have revealed that two of their npm packages, @rspack/core and @rspack/cli , were compromised in a software supply chain attack that allowed a malicious actor to publish malicious versions to the official package registry with cryptocurrency mining malware. Following the discovery , versions 1.1.7 of both libraries have been unpublished from the npm registry. The latest safe version is 1.1.8. "They were released by an attacker who gained unauthorized npm publishing access, and contain malicious scripts," software supply chain security firm Socket said in an analysis. Rspack is billed as an alternative to the webpack , offering a "high performance JavaScript bundler written in Rust." Originally developed by ByteDance, it has since been adopted by several companies such as Alibaba, Amazon, Discord, and Microsoft, among others. The npm packages in question, @rspack/core, and @rspack/cli, attract weekly downloads of over 300,000 and 145...
Malicious npm Packages Infect 3,200+ Cursor Users With Backdoor, Steal Credentials

Malicious npm Packages Infect 3,200+ Cursor Users With Backdoor, Steal Credentials

May 09, 2025 Supply Chain Attack / Malware
Cybersecurity researchers have flagged three malicious npm packages that are designed to target the Apple macOS version of Cursor, a popular artificial intelligence (AI)-powered source code editor. "Disguised as developer tools offering 'the cheapest Cursor API,' these packages steal user credentials, fetch an encrypted payload from threat actor-controlled infrastructure, overwrite Cursor's main.js file, and disable auto-updates to maintain persistence," Socket researcher Kirill Boychenko said . The packages in question are listed below - sw-cur (2,771 downloads) sw-cur1 (307 downloads), and aiide-cur (163 downloads) All three packages continue to be available for download from the npm registry. "Aiide-cur" was first published on February 14, 2025. It was uploaded by a user named "aiide." The npm library is described as a "command-line tool for configuring the macOS version of the Cursor editor." The other two packages, ...
LottieFiles Issues Warning About Compromised "lottie-player" npm Package

LottieFiles Issues Warning About Compromised "lottie-player" npm Package

Oct 31, 2024 Cryptocurrency / Software Development
LottieFiles has revealed that its npm package "lottie-player" was compromised as part of a supply chain attack, prompting it to release an updated version of the library. "On October 30th ~6:20 PM UTC - LottieFiles were notified that our popular open source npm package for the web player @lottiefiles/lottie-player had unauthorized new versions pushed with malicious code," the company said in a statement on X. "This does not impact our dotlottie player and/or SaaS service." LottieFiles is an animation workflow platform that enables designers to create, edit, and share animations in a JSON-based animation file format called Lottie. It's also the developer behind an npm package named lottie-player , which allows for embedding and playing Lottie animations on websites. According to the company, "a large number of users using the library via third-party CDNs without a pinned version were automatically served the compromised version as the latest ...
Compromised dYdX npm and PyPI Packages Deliver Wallet Stealers and RAT Malware

Compromised dYdX npm and PyPI Packages Deliver Wallet Stealers and RAT Malware

Feb 06, 2026 Malware / Developer Security
Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a new supply chain attack in which legitimate packages on npm and the Python Package Index (PyPI) repository have been compromised to push malicious versions to facilitate wallet credential theft and remote code execution. The compromised versions of the two packages are listed below - @dydxprotocol/v4-client-js (npm) - 3.4.1, 1.22.1, 1.15.2, 1.0.31  dydx-v4-client (PyPI) - 1.1.5post1 "The @dydxprotocol/v4-client-js (npm) and dydx-v4-client (PyPI) packages provide developers with tools to interact with the dYdX v4 protocol, including transaction signing, order placement, and wallet management," Socket security researcher Kush Pandya noted. "Applications using these packages handle sensitive cryptocurrency operations." dYdX is a non-custodial, decentralized cryptocurrency exchange for trading margin and perpetual swaps, while allowing users to retain full control over their assets. On its website, the DeFi exchang...
Self-Replicating Worm Hits 180+ npm Packages to Steal Credentials in Latest Supply Chain Attack

Self-Replicating Worm Hits 180+ npm Packages to Steal Credentials in Latest Supply Chain Attack

Sep 16, 2025 Malware / Cyber Attack
Cybersecurity researchers have flagged a fresh software supply chain attack targeting the npm registry that has affected more than 40 packages that belong to multiple maintainers. "The compromised versions include a function (NpmModule.updatePackage) that downloads a package tarball, modifies package.json, injects a local script (bundle.js), repacks the archive, and republishes it, enabling automatic trojanization of downstream packages," supply chain security company Socket said . The end goal of the campaign is to search developer machines for secrets using TruffleHog's credential scanner and transmit them to an external server under the attacker's control. The attack is capable of targeting both Windows and Linux systems. The following packages have been identified as impacted by the incident - angulartics2@14.1.2 @ctrl/deluge@7.2.2 @ctrl/golang-template@1.4.3 @ctrl/magnet-link@4.0.4 @ctrl/ngx-codemirror@7.0.2 @ctrl/ngx-csv@6.0.2 @ctrl/ngx-emoji-mart@...
NPM Bug Allowed Attackers to Distribute Malware as Legitimate Packages

NPM Bug Allowed Attackers to Distribute Malware as Legitimate Packages

Apr 27, 2022
A "logical flaw" has been disclosed in NPM, the default package manager for the Node.js JavaScript runtime environment, that enables malicious actors to pass off rogue libraries as legitimate and trick unsuspecting developers into installing them. The supply chain threat has been dubbed "Package Planting" by researchers from cloud security firm Aqua. Following responsible disclosure on February 10, the underlying issue was remediated by NPM on April 26. "Up until recently, NPM allowed adding anyone as a maintainer of the package without notifying these users or getting their consent," Aqua's Yakir Kadkoda  said  in a report published Tuesday. This effectively meant that an adversary could create malware-laced packages and assign them to trusted, popular maintainers without their knowledge. The idea here is to add credible owners associated with other popular NPM libraries to the attacker-controlled poisoned package in hopes that doing so would a...
New Timing Attack Against NPM Registry API Could Expose Private Packages

New Timing Attack Against NPM Registry API Could Expose Private Packages

Oct 13, 2022
A novel timing attack discovered against the npm's registry API can be exploited to potentially disclose private packages used by organizations, putting developers at risk of supply chain threats. "By creating a list of possible package names, threat actors can detect organizations'  scoped private packages  and then masquerade public packages, tricking employees and users into downloading them," Aqua Security researcher Yakir Kadkoda  said . The Scoped Confusion attack banks on analyzing the time it takes for the  npm API  (registry.npmjs[.]org) to return an HTTP 404 error message when querying for a private package, and measuring it against the response time for a non-existing module. "It takes on average less time to get a reply for a private package that does not exist compared to a private package that does," Kadkoda explained. The idea, ultimately, is to identify packages internally used by companies, which could then be used by threat actors to...
Researchers Hijack Popular NPM Package with Millions of Downloads

Researchers Hijack Popular NPM Package with Millions of Downloads

Feb 16, 2023 Supply Chain / Software Security
A popular npm package with more than 3.5 million weekly downloads has been found vulnerable to an account takeover attack. "The package can be taken over by recovering an expired domain name for one of its maintainers and resetting the password," software supply chain security company Illustria  said  in a report. While npm's security protections limit users to have only one active email address per account, the Israeli firm said it was able to reset the GitHub password using the recovered domain. The attack, in a nutshell, grants a threat actor access to the package's associated GitHub account, effectively making it possible to publish trojanized versions to the npm registry that can be weaponized to conduct supply chain attacks at scale. This is achieved by taking advantage of a GitHub Action that's configured in the repository to automatically publish the packages when new code changes are pushed. "Even though the maintainer's npm user account i...
Malicious NPM Package Caught Mimicking Material Tailwind CSS Package

Malicious NPM Package Caught Mimicking Material Tailwind CSS Package

Sep 22, 2022
A malicious NPM package has been found masquerading as the legitimate software library for Material Tailwind, once again indicating attempts on the part of threat actors to distribute malicious code in open source software repositories. Material Tailwind is a  CSS-based framework  advertised by its maintainers as an "easy to use components library for Tailwind CSS and Material Design." "The malicious Material Tailwind npm package, while posing as a helpful development tool, has an automatic post-install script," Karlo Zanki, security researcher at ReversingLabs,  said  in a report shared with The Hacker News. This script is engineered to download a password-protected ZIP archive file that contains a Windows executable capable of running PowerShell scripts. The now-removed rogue package, named  material-tailwindcss , has been downloaded 320 times to date, all of which occurred on or after September 15, 2022. In a tactic that's becoming increasingly common,...
A Large-Scale Supply Chain Attack Distributed Over 800 Malicious NPM Packages

A Large-Scale Supply Chain Attack Distributed Over 800 Malicious NPM Packages

Mar 29, 2022
A threat actor dubbed " RED-LILI " has been linked to an ongoing large-scale supply chain attack campaign targeting the NPM package repository by publishing nearly 800 malicious modules. "Customarily, attackers use an anonymous disposable NPM account from which they launch their attacks," Israeli security company Checkmarx  said . "As it seems this time, the attacker has fully-automated the process of NPM account creation and has opened dedicated accounts, one per package, making his new malicious packages batch harder to spot." The findings build on recent reports from  JFrog  and  Sonatype , both of which detailed hundreds of NPM packages that leverage techniques like  dependency confusion  and typosquatting to target Azure, Uber, and Airbnb developers. According to a detailed analysis of RED-LILI's modus operandi, earliest evidence of anomalous activity is said to have occurred on February 23, 2022, with the cluster of malicious packages publis...
Researchers Find a Way Malicious NPM Libraries Can Evade Vulnerability Detection

Researchers Find a Way Malicious NPM Libraries Can Evade Vulnerability Detection

Nov 30, 2022
New findings from cybersecurity firm JFrog show that malware targeting the npm ecosystem can evade security checks by taking advantage of an "unexpected behavior" in the npm command line interface (CLI) tool. npm CLI's  install  and  audit   commands  have built-in capabilities to check a package and all of its dependencies for known vulnerabilities, effectively acting as a warning mechanism for developers by highlighting the flaws. But as JFrog established, the security advisories are not displayed when the packages follow certain version formats, creating a scenario where critical flaws could be introduced into their systems either directly or via the package's dependencies. Specifically, the problem arises only when the installed package version contains a hyphen (e.g., 1.2.3-a), which is included to denote a  pre-release version  of an npm module. While the project maintainers treat the discrepancy between regular npm package versions and pre...
Npm Package Targeting GitHub-Owned Repositories Flagged as Red Team Exercise

Npm Package Targeting GitHub-Owned Repositories Flagged as Red Team Exercise

Nov 11, 2025 Software Supply Chain / Malware
Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a malicious npm package named "@acitons/artifact" that typosquats the legitimate " @actions/artifact " package with the intent to target GitHub-owned repositories. "We think the intent was to have this script execute during a build of a GitHub-owned repository, exfiltrate the tokens available to the build environment, and then use those tokens to publish new malicious artifacts as GitHub," Veracode said in an analysis. The cybersecurity company said it observed six versions of the package – from 4.0.12 to 4.0.17 – that incorporated a post-install hook to download and run malware. That said, the latest version available for download from npm is 4.0.10, indicating that the threat actor behind the package, blakesdev , has removed all the offending versions. The package was first uploaded on October 29, 2025, and has since accrued 31,398 weekly downloads. In total, it has been downloaded 47,405 times , according...
Apache Cordova App Harness Targeted in Dependency Confusion Attack

Apache Cordova App Harness Targeted in Dependency Confusion Attack

Apr 23, 2024 Supply Chain Attack / Application Security
Researchers have identified a dependency confusion vulnerability impacting an archived Apache project called Cordova App Harness . Dependency confusion attacks  take place owing to the fact that package managers check the public repositories before private registries, thus allowing a threat actor to publish a malicious package with the same name to a public package repository. This causes the package manager to inadvertently download the fraudulent package from the public repository instead of the intended private repository. If successful, it can have serious consequences, such as infecting all downstream customers that install the package. A May 2023 analysis of npm and PyPI packages stored in cloud environments by enterprise security company Orca  revealed  that nearly 49% of organizations are vulnerable to a dependency confusion attack. While npm and other package managers have since introduced fixes to prioritize the private versions, a...
North Korean Hackers Suspected in New Wave of Malicious npm Packages

North Korean Hackers Suspected in New Wave of Malicious npm Packages

Aug 15, 2023 Software Security / Supply Chain
The npm package registry has emerged as the target of yet another highly targeted attack campaign that aims to entice developers into downloading malevolent modules. Software supply chain security firm Phylum told The Hacker News the activity exhibits similar behaviors to that of a previous attack wave  uncovered in June , which has since been  linked to North Korean threat actors . As many as nine packages have been identified as uploaded to npm between August 9 and 12, 2023. This includes: ws-paso-jssdk, pingan-vue-floating, srm-front-util, cloud-room-video, progress-player, ynf-core-loader, ynf-core-renderer, ynf-dx-scripts, and ynf-dx-webpack-plugins. "Due to the sophisticated nature of the attack and the small number of affected packages, we suspect this is another highly targeted attack, likely with a social engineering aspect involved in order to get targets to install these packages," the company  said . The attack chain commences with the package.json file ...
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