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Sophos and SonicWall have alerted users of critical security flaws in Sophos Firewall and Secure Mobile Access (SMA) 100 Series appliances that could be exploited to achieve remote code execution.  The two vulnerabilities impacting Sophos Firewall are listed below - CVE-2025-6704 (CVSS score: 9.8) - An arbitrary file writing vulnerability in the Secure PDF eXchange (SPX) feature can lead to pre-auth remote code execution, if a specific configuration of SPX is enabled in combination with the firewall running in High Availability (HA) mode CVE-2025-7624 (CVSS score: 9.8) - An SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy (transparent) SMTP proxy can lead to remote code execution, if a quarantining policy is active for Email and SFOS was upgraded from a version older than 21.0 GA Sophos said CVE-2025-6704 affects about 0.05% of devices, while CVE-2025-7624 impacts as many as 0.73% of devices. Both vulnerabilities have been addressed alongside a high-severity command injection v...

Cybersecurity researchers have uncovered a new stealthy backdoor concealed within the "mu-plugins" directory in WordPress sites to grant threat actors persistent access and allow them to perform arbitrary actions. Must-use plugins (aka mu-plugins) are special plugins that are automatically activated on all WordPress sites in the installation. They are located in the "wp-content/mu-plugins" directory by default. What makes them an attractive option for attackers is that mu-plugins do not show in the default list of plugins on the Plugins page of wp-admin and cannot be disabled except by removing the plugin file from the must-use directory. As a result, a piece of malware that leverages this technique allows it to function quietly, without raising any red flags. In the infection spotted by web security company Sucuri, the PHP script in the mu-plugins directory ("wp-index.php") serves as a loader to fetch a next-stage payload and save it in the WordPr...

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), on July 22, 2025, added two Microsoft SharePoint flaws, CVE-2025-49704 and CVE-2025-49706, to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities ( KEV ) catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. To that end, Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies are required to remediate identified vulnerabilities by July 23, 2025. "CISA is aware of active exploitation of a spoofing and RCE vulnerability chain involving CVE-2025-49706 and CVE-2025-49704, enabling unauthorized access to on-premise SharePoint servers," the agency said in an updated advisory. The inclusion of the two shortcomings, a spoofing vulnerability and a remote code execution vulnerability collectively tracked as ToolShell, to the KEV catalog comes after Microsoft revealed that Chinese hacking groups like Linen Typhoon and Violet Typhoon leveraged these flaws to breach on-premises SharePoint servers since July 7, 2025. As of writing, the tech...

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added two security flaws impacting SysAid IT support software to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities ( KEV ) catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. The vulnerabilities in question are listed below - CVE-2025-2775 (CVSS score: 9.3) - An improper restriction of XML external entity (XXE) reference vulnerability in the Checkin processing functionality, allowing for administrator account takeover and file read primitives CVE-2025-2776 (CVSS score: 9.3) - An improper restriction of XML external entity (XXE) reference vulnerability in the Server URL processing functionality, allowing for administrator account takeover and file read primitives Both shortcomings were disclosed by watchTowr Labs researchers Sina Kheirkhah and Jake Knott back in May, alongside CVE-2025-2777 (CVSS score: 9.3), a pre-authenticated XXE within the /lshw endpoint. The three vulnerabilities were addressed by SysAid in the on-pre...

Cisco on Monday updated its advisory of a set of recently disclosed security flaws in Identity Services Engine (ISE) and ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC) to acknowledge active exploitation. "In July 2025, the Cisco PSIRT [Product Security Incident Response Team], became aware of attempted exploitation of some of these vulnerabilities in the wild," the company said in an alert. The network equipment vendor did not disclose which vulnerabilities have been weaponized in real-world attacks, the identity of the threat actors exploiting them, or the scale of the activity. Cisco ISE plays a central role in network access control, managing which users and devices are allowed onto corporate networks and under what conditions. A compromise at this layer could give attackers unrestricted access to internal systems, bypassing authentication controls and logging mechanisms—turning a policy engine into an open door. The vulnerabilities outlined in the alert are all critical-ra...

The recently disclosed critical Microsoft SharePoint vulnerability has been under exploitation as early as July 7, 2025, according to findings from Check Point Research. The cybersecurity company said it observed first exploitation attempts targeting an unnamed major Western government, with the activity intensifying on July 18 and 19, spanning government, telecommunications, and software sectors in North America and Western Europe. Check Point also said the exploitation efforts originated from three different IP addresses – 104.238.159[.]149, 107.191.58[.]76, and 96.9.125[.]147 – one of which was previously tied to the weaponization of security flaws in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) appliances ( CVE-2025-4427 and CVE-2025-4428 ). "We're witnessing an urgent and active threat: a critical zero-day in SharePoint on-prem is being exploited in the wild, putting thousands of global organizations at risk," Lotem Finkelstein, Director of Threat Intelligence at Chec...

Microsoft on Sunday released security patches for an actively exploited security flaw in SharePoint and also disclosed details of another vulnerability that it said has been addressed with "more robust protections." The tech giant acknowledged it's "aware of active attacks targeting on-premises SharePoint Server customers by exploiting vulnerabilities partially addressed by the July Security Update." CVE-2025-53770 (CVSS score: 9.8), as the exploited vulnerability is tracked, concerns a case of remote code execution that arises due to the deserialization of untrusted data in on-premise versions of Microsoft SharePoint Server. The newly disclosed shortcoming is a spoofing flaw in SharePoint ( CVE-2025-53771 , CVSS score: 7.1). Viettel Cyber Security and an anonymous researcher has been credited with discovering and reporting the bug. "Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') in Microsoft Office SharePoint...

A critical security vulnerability in Microsoft SharePoint Server has been weaponized as part of an "active, large-scale" exploitation campaign. The zero-day flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-53770 (CVSS score: 9.8), has been described as a variant of CVE-2025-49704 (CVSS score: 8.8), a code injection and remote code execution bug in Microsoft SharePoint Server that was addressed by the tech giant as part of its July 2025 Patch Tuesday updates. "Deserialization of untrusted data in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network," Microsoft said in an advisory released on July 19, 2025. The Windows maker further noted that it's preparing and fully testing a comprehensive update to resolve the issue. It credited Viettel Cyber Security for discovering and reporting the flaw through Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (ZDI). In a separate alert issued Saturday, Redmond said it's aware of active attacks ta...

A newly disclosed critical security flaw in CrushFTP has come under active exploitation in the wild. Assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2025-54309 , the vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 9.0. "CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.5 and 11 before 11.3.4_23, when the DMZ proxy feature is not used, mishandles AS2 validation and consequently allows remote attackers to obtain admin access via HTTPS," according to a description of the vulnerability in the NIST's National Vulnerability Database (NVD). CrushFTP, in an advisory, said it first detected the zero-day exploitation of the vulnerability in the wild on July 18, 2025, 9 a.m. CST, although it acknowledged that it may have been weaponized much earlier. "The attack vector was HTTP(S) for how they could exploit the server," the company said . "We had fixed a different issue related to AS2 in HTTP(S) not realizing that a prior bug could be used like this exploit was. Hackers apparently saw our code change, and figured...

Cybersecurity researchers have disclosed details of a new malware called MDifyLoader that has been observed in conjunction with cyber attacks exploiting security flaws in Ivanti Connect Secure (ICS) appliances. According to a report published by JPCERT/CC today, the threat actors behind the exploitation of CVE-2025-0282 and CVE-2025-22457 in intrusions observed between December 2024 and July 2025 have weaponized the vulnerabilities to drop MDifyLoader, which is then used to launch Cobalt Strike in memory. CVE-2025-0282 is a critical security flaw in ICS that could permit unauthenticated remote code execution. It was addressed by Ivanti in early January 2025. CVE-2025-22457, patched in February 2025, concerns a stack-based buffer overflow that could be exploited to execute arbitrary code. Previous findings from JPCERT/CC have revealed that CVE-2025-0282, which was weaponized in the wild as a zero-day beginning mid-December 2024, has been leveraged to deliver malware families like...

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a new campaign that exploits a known security flaw impacting Apache HTTP Server to deliver a cryptocurrency miner called Linuxsys . The vulnerability in question is CVE-2021-41773 (CVSS score: 7.5), a high-severity path traversal vulnerability in Apache HTTP Server version 2.4.49 that could result in remote code execution. "The attacker leverages compromised legitimate websites to distribute malware, enabling stealthy delivery and evasion of detection," VulnCheck's Jacob Baines said in a report shared with The Hacker News. The infection sequence, observed earlier this month and originating from an Indonesian IP address 103.193.177[.]152 , is designed to drop a next-stage payload from "repositorylinux[.]org" using curl or wget. The payload is a shell script that's responsible for downloading the Linuxsys cryptocurrency miner from five different legitimate websites, suggesting that the threat actors behind the ...

Cisco has disclosed a new maximum-severity security vulnerability impacting Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Cisco ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC) that could permit an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system with elevated privileges. Tracked as CVE-2025-20337, the shortcoming carries a CVSS score of 10.0 and is similar to CVE-2025-20281 , which was patched by the networking equipment major late last month. "Multiple vulnerabilities in a specific API of Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as root. The attacker does not require any valid credentials to exploit these vulnerabilities," the company said in an updated advisory. "These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by submitting a crafted API request. A successful exploit could allow the att...

A threat activity cluster has been observed targeting fully-patched end-of-life SonicWall Secure Mobile Access (SMA) 100 series appliances as part of a campaign designed to drop a backdoor called OVERSTEP . The malicious activity, dating back to at least October 2024, has been attributed by the Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) to a hacking crew it tracks as UNC6148 . The number of known victims is "limited" at this stage. The tech giant assessed with high confidence that the threat actor is "leveraging credentials and one-time password (OTP) seeds stolen during previous intrusions, allowing them to regain access even after organizations have applied security updates." "Analysis of network traffic metadata records suggests that UNC6148 may have initially exfiltrated these credentials from the SMA appliance as early as January 2025." The exact initial access vector used to deliver the malware is currently not known due to the steps taken by the...

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a serious security issue that allows leaked Laravel APP_KEYs to be weaponized to gain remote code execution capabilities on hundreds of applications. "Laravel's APP_KEY, essential for encrypting sensitive data, is often leaked publicly (e.g., on GitHub)," GitGuardian said . "If attackers get access to this key, they can exploit a deserialization flaw to execute arbitrary code on the server – putting data and infrastructure at risk." The company, in collaboration with Synacktiv, said it was able to extract more than 260,000 APP_KEYs from GitHub from 2018 to May 30, 2025, identifying over 600 vulnerable Laravel applications in the process. GitGuardian said it observed over 10,000 unique APP_KEYs across GitHub, of which 400 APP_KEYs were validated as functional. APP_KEY is a random 32-byte encryption key that's generated during the installation of Laravel. Stored in the .env file of the application, it's used ...

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a set of four security flaws in OpenSynergy's BlueSDK Bluetooth stack that, if successfully exploited, could allow remote code execution on millions of transport vehicles from different vendors. The vulnerabilities, dubbed PerfektBlue , can be fashioned together as an exploit chain to run arbitrary code on cars from at least three major automakers, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, and Skoda, according to PCA Cyber Security (formerly PCAutomotive). Outside of these three, a fourth unnamed original equipment manufacturer (OEM) has been confirmed to be affected as well. "PerfektBlue exploitation attack is a set of critical memory corruption and logical vulnerabilities found in OpenSynergy BlueSDK Bluetooth stack that can be chained together to obtain Remote Code Execution (RCE)," the cybersecurity company said . While infotainment systems are often seen as isolated from critical vehicle controls, in practice, this separation depends he...

A recently disclosed maximum-severity security flaw impacting the Wing FTP Server has come under active exploitation in the wild, according to Huntress. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-47812 (CVSS score: 10.0), is a case of improper handling of null ('\0') bytes in the server's web interface, which allows for remote code execution. It has been addressed in version 7.4.4. "The user and admin web interfaces mishandle '\0' bytes, ultimately allowing injection of arbitrary Lua code into user session files," according to an advisory for the flaw on CVE.org. "This can be used to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the FTP service (root or SYSTEM by default)." What makes it even more concerning is that the flaw can be exploited via anonymous FTP accounts. A comprehensive breakdown of the vulnerability entered the public domain towards the end of June 2025, courtesy of RCE Security researcher Julien Ahrens. Cybersecuri...

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a critical vulnerability in the open-source mcp-remote project that could result in the execution of arbitrary operating system (OS) commands. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-6514 , carries a CVSS score of 9.6 out of 10.0. "The vulnerability allows attackers to trigger arbitrary OS command execution on the machine running mcp-remote when it initiates a connection to an untrusted MCP server, posing a significant risk to users – a full system compromise," Or Peles, JFrog Vulnerability Research Team Leader, said . Mcp-remote is a tool that sprang forth following Anthropic's release of Model Context Protocol (MCP), an open-source framework that standardizes the way large language model (LLM) applications integrate and share data with external data sources and services. It acts as a local proxy, enabling MCP clients like Claude Desktop to communicate with remote MCP servers, as opposed to running them locally on the same...

For the first time in 2025, Microsoft's Patch Tuesday updates did not bundle fixes for exploited security vulnerabilities, but the company acknowledged one of the addressed flaws had been publicly known. The patches resolve a whopping 130 vulnerabilities , along with 10 other non-Microsoft CVEs that affect Visual Studio, AMD, and its Chromium-based Edge browser. Of these, 10 are rated Critical and the remaining are all rated Important in severity. "The 11-month streak of patching at least one zero-day that was exploited in the wild ended this month," Satnam Narang, Senior Staff Research Engineer at Tenable, said. Fifty-three of these shortcomings are classified as privilege escalation bugs followed by 42 as remote code execution, 17 as information disclosure, and 8 as security feature bypasses. These patches are in addition to two other flaws addressed by the company in the Edge browser since the release of last month's Patch Tuesday update . The vulnerability ...