Bitter Hackers Deploy New PapRAT Backdoor in Cyberespionage Campaign Targeting South Asia
Nov 09, 2026
Cyber Espionage / Threat Intelligence
The South Asian cyber espionage group known as Bitter (aka APT-C-08, APT-Q-37, Hazy Tiger, Orange Yali, T-APT-17, and TA397) has been observed targeting South Asian organizations with a previously unreported remote access trojan called PapRAT. "PapRAT has both C++ and Rust implementations," Fortinet FortiGuard Labs researcher Cara Lin said . "Its capabilities include command execution, file uploads and downloads, file deletion, directory and drive enumeration, and screenshot capture. The Rust variant adds PowerShell execution and other commands." The campaign is notable for making use of three different infection chains - A Windows Shortcut (LNK) file that abuses the native "ftp.exe" utility to run scripts and create scheduled tasks designed to maintain contact with a command-and-control (C2) server. A VHDX disk image containing a LNK file that launches a lure Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, while running an MSI installer in the background to d...