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Cybersecurity researchers have flagged a new variant of a known malware loader called Matanbuchus that packs in significant features to enhance its stealth and evade detection. Matanbuchus is the name given to a malware-as-a-service (MaaS) offering that can act as a conduit for next-stage payloads , including Cobalt Strike beacons and ransomware. First advertised in February 2021 on Russian-speaking cybercrime forums for a rental price of $2,500, the malware has been put to use as part of ClickFix-like lures to trick users visiting legitimate-but-compromised sites not running it. Matanbuchus's delivery methods have evolved over time, leveraging phishing emails pointing to booby-trapped Google Drive links, drive-by downloads from compromised sites, malicious MSI installers , and malvertising . It has been used to deploy a variety of secondary payloads including DanaBot, QakBot, and Cobalt Strike, all known precursors to ransomware deployment. The latest version of the loade...

A threat activity cluster has been observed targeting fully-patched end-of-life SonicWall Secure Mobile Access (SMA) 100 series appliances as part of a campaign designed to drop a backdoor called OVERSTEP . The malicious activity, dating back to at least October 2024, has been attributed by the Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) to a hacking crew it tracks as UNC6148 . The number of known victims is "limited" at this stage. The tech giant assessed with high confidence that the threat actor is "leveraging credentials and one-time password (OTP) seeds stolen during previous intrusions, allowing them to regain access even after organizations have applied security updates." "Analysis of network traffic metadata records suggests that UNC6148 may have initially exfiltrated these credentials from the SMA appliance as early as January 2025." The exact initial access vector used to deliver the malware is currently not known due to the steps taken by the...

Cloudflare on Tuesday said it mitigated 7.3 million distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks in the second quarter of 2025, a significant drop from 20.5 million DDoS attacks it fended off the previous quarter. "Overall, in Q2 2025, hyper-volumetric DDoS attacks skyrocketed," Omer Yoachimik and Jorge Pacheco said . "Cloudflare blocked over 6,500 hyper-volumetric DDoS attacks, an average of 71 per day." In Q1 2025, the company said an 18-day sustained campaign against its own and other critical infrastructure protected by Cloudflare was responsible for 13.5 million of the attacks observed during the time period. Cumulatively, Cloudflare has blocked nearly 28 million DDoS attacks, surpassing the number of attacks it mitigated in all of 2024. The notable of the attacks in Q2 2025 is a staggering DDoS attack that peaked at 7.3 terabits per second (Tbps) and 4.8 billion packets per second (Bpps) within a span of 45 seconds. Big traffic spikes like these make he...

Cybersecurity researchers have shed light on a new ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation called GLOBAL GROUP that has targeted a wide range of sectors in Australia, Brazil, Europe, and the United States since its emergence in early June 2025. GLOBAL GROUP was "promoted on the Ramp4u forum by the threat actor known as '$$$,'" EclecticIQ researcher Arda Büyükkaya said . "The same actor controls the BlackLock RaaS and previously managed Mamona ransomware operations." It's believed that GLOBAL GROUP is a rebranding of BlackLock after the latter's data leak site was defaced by the DragonForce ransomware cartel back in March. It's worth mentioning that BlackLock in itself is a rebrand of another RaaS scheme known as Eldorado. The financially motivated group has been found to lean heavily on initial access brokers (IABs) to deploy the ransomware by weaponizing access to vulnerable edge appliances from Cisco, Fortinet, and Palo Alto Networks. Al...

While phishing and ransomware dominate headlines, another critical risk quietly persists across most enterprises: exposed Git repositories leaking sensitive data. A risk that silently creates shadow access into core systems Git is the backbone of modern software development, hosting millions of repositories and serving thousands of organizations worldwide. Yet, amid the daily hustle of shipping code, developers may inadvertently leave behind API keys, tokens, or passwords in configuration files and code files, effectively handing attackers the keys to the kingdom. This isn't just about poor hygiene; it's a systemic and growing supply chain risk. As cyber threats become more sophisticated, so do compliance requirements. Security frameworks like NIS2, SOC2, and ISO 27001 now demand proof that software delivery pipelines are hardened and third-party risk is controlled. The message is clear: securing your Git repositories is no longer optional, it's essential. Below, we look at the ris...

Threat actors behind the Interlock ransomware group have unleashed a new PHP variant of its bespoke remote access trojan (RAT) as part of a widespread campaign using a variant of ClickFix called FileFix. "Since May 2025, activity related to the Interlock RAT has been observed in connection with the LandUpdate808 (aka KongTuke) web-inject threat clusters," The DFIR Report said in a technical analysis published today in collaboration with Proofpoint. "The campaign begins with compromised websites injected with a single-line script hidden in the page's HTML, often unbeknownst to site owners or visitors." The JavaScript code acts as a traffic distribution system (TDS), using IP filtering techniques to redirect users to fake CAPTCHA verification pages that leverage ClickFix to entice them into running a PowerShell script that leads to the deployment of NodeSnake (aka Interlock RAT). The use of NodeSnake by Interlock was previously documented by Quorum Cyber ...

An Iranian-backed ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) named Pay2Key has resurfaced in the wake of the Israel-Iran-U.S. conflict last month, offering bigger payouts to cybercriminals who launch attacks against Israel and the U.S. The financially motivated scheme, now operating under the moniker Pay2Key.I2P, is assessed to be linked to a hacking group tracked as Fox Kitten (aka Lemon Sandstorm). "Linked to the notorious Fox Kitten APT group and closely tied to the well-known Mimic ransomware, [...] Pay2Key.I2P appears to partner with or incorporate Mimic's capabilities," Morphisec security researcher Ilia Kulmin said . "Officially, the group offers an 80% profit share (up from 70%) to affiliates supporting Iran or participating in attacks against the enemies of Iran, signaling their ideological commitment." Last year, the U.S. government revealed the advanced persistent threat's (APT) modus operandi of carrying out ransomware attacks by covertly partnering wi...

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) on Thursday added a critical security flaw impacting Citrix NetScaler ADC and Gateway to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities ( KEV ) catalog, officially confirming the vulnerability has been weaponized in the wild. The shortcoming in question is CVE-2025-5777 (CVSS score: 9.3), an instance of insufficient input validation that could be exploited by an attacker to bypass authentication when the appliance is configured as a Gateway or AAA virtual server. It's also called Citrix Bleed 2 owing to its similarities with Citrix Bleed (CVE-2023-4966). "Citrix NetScaler ADC and Gateway contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability due to insufficient input validation," the agency said. "This vulnerability can lead to memory overread when the NetScaler is configured as a Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) OR AAA virtual server." CISA pointed out that flaws like CVE-2025-5777 are f...

The U.K. National Crime Agency (NCA) on Thursday announced that four people have been arrested in connection with cyber attacks targeting major retailers Marks & Spencer, Co-op, and Harrods. The arrested individuals include two men aged 19, a third aged 17, and a 20-year-old woman. They were apprehended in the West Midlands and London on suspicion of Computer Misuse Act offenses, blackmail, money laundering, and participating in the activities of an organized crime group. All four suspects were arrested from their homes and their electronic devices have been seized for further forensic analysis. Their names were not disclosed. "Since these attacks took place, specialist NCA cybercrime investigators have been working at pace and the investigation remains one of the Agency's highest priorities," Deputy Director Paul Foster, head of the NCA's National Cyber Crime Unit, said in a statement. "Today's arrests are a significant step in that investigation ...

The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) on Tuesday sanctioned a member of a North Korean hacking group called Andariel for their role in the infamous remote information technology (IT) worker scheme. The Treasury said Song Kum Hyok, a 38-year-old North Korean national with an address in the Chinese province of Jilin, enabled the fraudulent operation by using foreign-hired IT workers to seek remote employment with U.S. companies and planning to split income with them. Between 2022 and 2023, Song is alleged to have used the identities of U.S. people, including their names, addresses, and Social Security numbers, to craft aliases for the hired workers, who then used these personas to pose as U.S. nationals looking for remote jobs in the country. The development comes days after the U.S. Department of Justice (DoJ) announced sweeping actions targeting the North Korean information technology (IT) worker scheme, leading to the arrest of one indi...

Russian organizations have been targeted as part of an ongoing campaign that delivers a previously undocumented Windows spyware called Batavia. The activity, per cybersecurity vendor Kaspersky, has been active since July 2024. "The targeted attack begins with bait emails containing malicious links, sent under the pretext of signing a contract," the Russian company said . "The main goal of the attack is to infect organizations with the previously unknown Batavia spyware, which then proceeds to steal internal documents." The email messages are sent from the domain "oblast-ru[.]com," which is said to be owned by the attackers themselves. The links embedded within the digital missives lead to the download of an archive file containing a Visual Basic Encoded script (.VBE) file. When executed, the script profiles the compromised host and exfiltrates the system information to the remote server. This is followed by the retrieval of a next-stage payload from t...

If you didn't hear about  Iranian hackers breaching US water facilities, it's because they only managed to control a single pressure station serving 7,000 people. What made this attack noteworthy wasn't its scale, but how easily the hackers gained access — by simply using the manufacturer's default password "1111." This narrow escape prompted  CISA to urge manufacturers to eliminate default credentials entirely, citing "years of evidence" that these preset passwords remain one of the most exploited weaknesses. While we wait for manufacturers to implement better security practices, the responsibility falls on IT teams. Whether you manage critical infrastructure or a standard business network, allowing unchanged manufacturer passwords in your environment is like rolling out the red carpet for attackers. Here's what you need to know about default passwords — why they persist, their business and technical consequences, and how manufacturers can imple...

The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has levied sanctions against Russia-based bulletproof hosting (BPH) service provider Aeza Group for assisting threat actors in their malicious activities and targeting victims in the country and across the world. The sanctions also extend to its subsidiaries Aeza International Ltd., the U.K. branch of Aeza Group, as well as Aeza Logistic LLC, Cloud Solutions LLC, and four individuals linked to the company - Arsenii Aleksandrovich Penzev, CEO and 33% owner of Aeza Group Yurii Meruzhanovich Bozoyan, general director and 33% owner of Aeza Group Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Gast, technical director who works closely with Penzev and Bozoyan Igor Anatolyevich Knyazev, 33% owner of Aeza Group who manages the operations in the absence of Penzev and Bozoyan It's worth noting that Penzev was arrested in early April 2025 on charges of leading a criminal organization and enabling large-scale drug traffick...