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The Russian state-sponsored hacking group Sandworm teamed up with another threat actor to carry out a destructive wiping attack targeting a Ukrainian logistics company last year. According to ESET , the attack involved UAC-0099 (aka Earth Sirrush) obtaining initial access to the target on July 16, 2025, via a spear-phishing email bearing a malware-laced attachment that led to the deployment of the MATCHWOK backdoor through a downloader called MATCHBOIL. The activity ultimately concluded with the threat actor handing off access to Sandworm, which then conducted a data-wiping attack on September 17, 2025, more than two months after it obtained a foothold. What makes the attack stand out is UAC-0099's use of a previously undocumented backdoor called MythicRatatoskr that communicates with a command-and-control (C2) server hosted inside the Yggdrasil mesh network. The backdoor was deployed a day after MATCHWOK was executed. There are indications that development on the back...

Pillow , the most widely used image library for Python, can be made to run operating system commands on a server by specifying the name of a file it is told to open. The flaw,  CVE-2026-112900 , is in the way Pillow handles EPS images, which it opens by passing the file's name to Ghostscript , a separate program it runs to turn the image into pixels, without checking the name first. Ghostscript can read a name chosen by an attacker as instructions rather than as a file, and point it to a second file that carries commands to run. Pillow's maintainers fixed it in  version 13.0.0 , released on October 16. Pillow turns up almost everywhere Python handles images: web upload forms, avatar and thumbnail tools, document and PDF pipelines, and most machine-learning projects pull it in. OX Security, the firm whose report drew attention to the flaws, estimates the library is downloaded  about 436 million times a month . Version 13.0.0 is a large security release, with fixes...

Malicious Brotli data can make an application on an official build of Node.js run attacker-supplied code, security researchers at Imperva have demonstrated. Their " Node2Shell " proof of concept ran code on the official Node.js 24.22.0 image for Linux arm64, with no debugger or custom build, by feeding crafted data to the bundled Brotli decoder ( CVE-2026-111497 ). Node.js disclosed the flaw and  released fixes on October 21 , and applications that decode untrusted Brotli data should update. Imperva's test did not succeed on every attempt, and code execution took several tries in its Linux arm64 setup. The result covers that one build and application setup, with other architectures and the 22.x and 26.x lines not tested by Imperva. On the fixed release, 24.22.1, the same data was rejected, and no code ran. The demonstration goes beyond the  first public proof of concept , which achieved code execution only on a deliberately weakened test build. On a standard build...

AI agents paying for API calls with the  x402 SDKs  could sign a payment for their full balance of a supported token if a malicious API asked for it,  security firm V12 said  on October 22. The cause was the SDKs' default client, which set no spending limit until releases on August 18 added one. The risk was limited to agents who automatically signed payments and whose apps set no limits. The missing limit is one of 25 flaws V12 found in the x402 code, and one of three it rated critical and described in detail. The x402 Foundation, which maintains the SDKs, had already fixed all three critical flaws in the August 18 releases. One of the other two let a facilitator, the service that checks x402 payments, accept a Solana transaction that moved no tokens as a valid payment. Among the x402 SDKs, only the TypeScript one had this flaw. The other let a malicious server get an agent to sign a login message for a different website. V12 found the flaws by reviewing t...

Threat actors have been observed unsuccessfully attempting to exploit the newly disclosed PHP2Shell vulnerabilities to rope infected systems into a Mirai botnet variant called Potassium , as it emerges that weaponizing the flaws may be harder than previously thought. The attacks aim to exploit CVE-2026-109618 and CVE-2026-109619 (CVSS scores: 9.2), which can result in unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE) via specially crafted HTTP requests. The vulnerabilities have been patched in PHP versions 8.5.12, 8.4.27, 8.3.36, and 8.2.35. "However, analysis of the sample revealed that it is an updated and significantly expanded version of the Mirai-derived botnet variant identified in early 2026," Sophos said . "The sample displays downloader and network disruption functionality." ⚡ WARNING — PHP Warns of Another Unpatched RCE Flaw CVE-2026-115560 Specifically, it resolves a hard-coded, encrypted command-and-control (C2) address, establishes a TCP connec...

Right now, there is probably an AI agent running on a laptop somewhere in your network. It stores API keys and database passwords, can access your internal systems, and works without anyone watching. Nobody reviewed its access. Nobody owns it. If an employee had that much reach with that little oversight, you would call it an insider risk. So why do we still call the agent a productivity tool? Most of the conversation about AI security is about what threat actors are doing with it. But the bigger threat may already be inside your organization.

Attackers are exploiting a zero-day SQL injection flaw in Arista's VeloCloud Orchestrator (VCO), the  central management system  for VeloCloud SD-WAN networks, the company said in an  advisory  on October 22. The flaw lets anyone who can log in to the orchestrator, even with a read-only customer account, gain operator privileges, the top level of control over it. For on-premises orchestrators, the fix is in VCO 5.2.3.18, 6.1.3.10, and 6.4.2.12, while Hosted and Dedicated orchestrators have already been patched. The flaw is tracked as CVE-2026-114625 and rated 9.9 on the CVSS scale. Orchestrators running the releases that fixed the VCO flaws exploited in July and September are still affected, because those releases are older than the new fixes. Arista bought the VeloCloud SD-WAN product line from Broadcom, announcing the deal in July 2025. The products were earlier known as VMware SD-WAN by VeloCloud. To exploit the flaw, an attacker needs network acc...

eMudhra , an Indian certificate authority (CA), will withdraw from its global SSL/TLS certificate business,  its board decided on Thursday . The decision came five days after a researcher  reported recovering the private keys  of eight of its intermediate CA certificates. eMudhra said it will replace affected customers' certificates with free ones from partners, though its announcement did not name the partners or provide a date for the exit. Six of those eight were for website (TLS) certificates. Chrome will stop trusting the eMudhra root certificate above them, emSign ECC Root CA - G3. The change is expected to reach users on the morning of October 27, Pacific time. On October 20, Mozilla decided to stop trusting the same root in Firefox. Removing a root from a browser also cuts off legitimate certificates issued beneath it. About 30,800 unexpired certificates chained to that root as of October 21,  by Chrome's count  of public Certificate Transparenc...