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Preview : Web App Hacker's Handbook 2nd Edition ! The first draft of the new edition of WAHH is now completed, and the lengthy editing and production process is underway. Just to whet everyone's appetite, I'm posting below an exclusive extract from the Introduction, describing what has changed in the second edition. (And in a vain attempt to quell the tidal wave of questions: the book will be published in October; there won't be any more extracts; we don't need any proof readers, thanks.) What's Changed in the Second Edition? In the four years since the first edition of this book was published, much has changed and much has stayed the same. The march of new technology has, of course, continued apace, and this has given rise to specific new vulnerabilities and attacks. The ingenuity of hackers has also led to the development of new attack techniques, and new ways of exploiting old bugs. But neither of these factors, technological or human, has created a rev...

From zero-day exploits to large-scale bot attacks — the demand for a powerful, self-hosted, and user-friendly web application security solution has never been greater. SafeLine is currently the most starred open-source Web Application Firewall (WAF) on GitHub, with over 16.4K stars and a rapidly growing global user base. This walkthrough covers what SafeLine is, how it works, and why it's becoming the go-to solution over cloud-based WAFs. What is SafeLine WAF? SafeLine is a self-hosted web application firewall that acts as a reverse proxy, filtering and monitoring HTTP/HTTPS traffic to block malicious requests before they reach your backend web applications. Unlike cloud-based WAFs, SafeLine runs entirely on your own servers—giving you unmatched visibility and data sovereignty. Key Features of SafeLine WAF Comprehensive Attack Prevention SafeLine effectively blocks a wide range of common and advanced web attacks, including SQL injection(SQLi), cross-site scripting (XSS), OS co...

The Computer Emergency Response Team of Ukraine (CERT-UA) has revealed a new set of cyber attacks targeting Ukrainian institutions with information-stealing malware. The activity is aimed at military formations, law enforcement agencies, and local self-government bodies, particularly those located near Ukraine's eastern border, the agency said. The attacks involve distributing phishing emails containing a macro-enabled Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (XLSM), which, when opened, facilities the deployment of two pieces of malware, a PowerShell script taken from the PSSW100AVB ("Powershell Scripts With 100% AV Bypass") GitHub repository that opens a reverse shell, and a previously undocumented stealer dubbed GIFTEDCROOK. "File names and email subject lines reference relevant and sensitive issues such as demining, administrative fines, UAV production, and compensation for destroyed property," CERT-UA said. "These spreadsheets contain malicious code which, ...

Credential stuffing attacks had a huge impact in 2024, fueled by a vicious circle of infostealer infections and data breaches . But things could be about to get worse still with Computer-Using Agents, a new kind of AI agent that enables low-cost, low-effort automation of common web tasks — including those frequently performed by attackers. Stolen credentials: The cyber criminal's weapon of choice in 2024 Stolen credentials were the #1 attacker action in 2023/24 , and the breach vector for 80% of web app attacks. Not surprising when you consider the fact that billions of leaked credentials are in circulation online, and attackers can pick up the latest drop for as little as $10 on criminal forums.  The criminal marketplace for stolen credentials is benefitting from the publicity of high-profile breaches in 2024 such as the attacks on Snowflake customers using credentials found in data breach dumps and compromised credential feeds from infostealer and mass phishing campaigns, r...

Web applications suffer continuously evolving attacks, where a web application firewall (WAF) is the first line of defense and a necessary part of organizations' cybersecurity strategies. WAFs are getting more sophisticated all the time, but as its core protection starts with efficient pattern matching, typically using Regular Expressions, and classifying malicious traffic to block cyber attacks. Evading pattern matching However, unfortunately, this technique is no silver bullet against determined attackers. Once it's known that there is a protection layer enabled, malicious actors find ways to bypass it, and most of the time, they even succeed. It usually can be achieved when the same attacking payload, blocked by WAF , can be disguised to make it 'invisible' to the pattern matching mechanism to evade security. Context-Specific Obfuscation The web uses many technologies, and they all have different rules for what comprises valid syntax in their grammar...

It's easy to think your defenses are solid — until you realize attackers have been inside them the whole time. The latest incidents show that long-term, silent breaches are becoming the norm. The best defense now isn't just patching fast, but watching smarter and staying alert for what you don't expect. Here's a quick look at this week's top threats, new tactics, and security stories shaping the landscape. ⚡ Threat of the Week F5 Exposed to Nation-State Breach — F5 disclosed that unidentified threat actors broke into its systems and stole files containing some of BIG-IP's source code and information related to undisclosed vulnerabilities in the product. The company said it learned of the incident on August 9, 2025, although it's believed that the attackers were in its network for at least 12 months. The attackers are said to have used a malware family called BRICKSTORM, which is attributed to a China-nexus espionage group dubbed UNC5221. GreyNoise said it observed elevat...

If this had been a security drill, someone would've said it went too far. But it wasn't a drill—it was real. The access? Everything looked normal. The tools? Easy to find. The detection? Came too late. This is how attacks happen now—quiet, convincing, and fast. Defenders aren't just chasing hackers anymore—they're struggling to trust what their systems are telling them. The problem isn't too few alerts. It's too many, with no clear meaning. One thing is clear: if your defense still waits for obvious signs, you're not protecting anything. You're just watching it happen. This recap highlights the moments that mattered—and why they're worth your attention. ⚡ Threat of the Week APT41 Exploits Google Calendar for Command-and-Control — The Chinese state-sponsored threat actor known as APT41 deployed a malware called TOUGHPROGRESS that uses Google Calendar for command-and-control (C2). Google said it observed the spear-phishing attacks in October 2024 and that the malware was hosted on...

Cybersecurity today is less about single attacks and more about chains of small weaknesses that connect into big risks. One overlooked update, one misused account, or one hidden tool in the wrong hands can be enough to open the door. The news this week shows how attackers are mixing methods—combining stolen access, unpatched software, and clever tricks to move from small entry points to large consequences.  For defenders, the lesson is clear: the real danger often comes not from one major flaw, but from how different small flaws interact together. ⚡ Threat of the Week WhatsApp Patches Actively Exploited Flaw — WhatsApp addressed a security vulnerability in its messaging apps for Apple iOS and macOS that it said may have been exploited in the wild in conjunction with a recently disclosed Apple flaw in targeted zero-day attacks. The vulnerability, CVE-2025-55177 relates to a case of insufficient authorization of linked device synchronization messages. The Meta-owned company ...

Cybersecurity researchers have warned of ongoing phishing campaigns that abuse refresh entries in HTTP headers to deliver spoofed email login pages that are designed to harvest users' credentials. "Unlike other phishing webpage distribution behavior through HTML content, these attacks use the response header sent by a server, which occurs before the processing of the HTML content," Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 researchers Yu Zhang, Zeyu You, and Wei Wang said . "Malicious links direct the browser to automatically refresh or reload a web page immediately, without requiring user interaction." Targets of the large-scale activity, observed between May and July 2024, include large corporations in South Korea, as well as government agencies and schools in the U.S. As many as 2,000 malicious URLs have been associated with the campaigns. Over 36% of the attacks have singled out the business-and-economy sector, followed by financial services (12.9%), government (6.9%)...

Threat actors with ties to North Korea have been observed targeting Web3 and cryptocurrency-related businesses with malware written in the Nim programming language, underscoring a constant evolution of their tactics. "Unusually for macOS malware, the threat actors employ a process injection technique and remote communications via wss, the TLS-encrypted version of the WebSocket protocol," SentinelOne researchers Phil Stokes and Raffaele Sabato said in a report shared with The Hacker News. "A novel persistence mechanism takes advantage of SIGINT/SIGTERM signal handlers to install persistence when the malware is terminated or the system rebooted." The cybersecurity company is tracking the malware components collectively under the name NimDoor. It's worth noting that some aspects of the campaign were previously documented by Huntabil.IT and later by Huntress and Validin , but with differences in the payloads deployed. The attack chains involve social enginee...

Attackers aren't waiting for patches anymore — they are breaking in before defenses are ready. Trusted security tools are being hijacked to deliver malware. Even after a breach is detected and patched, some attackers stay hidden. This week's events show a hard truth: it's not enough to react after an attack. You have to assume that any system you trust today could fail tomorrow. In a world where AI tools can be used against you and ransomware hits faster than ever, real protection means planning for things to go wrong — and still staying in control. Check out this week's update to find important threat news, helpful webinars, useful tools, and tips you can start using right away. ⚡ Threat of the Week Windows 0-Day Exploited for Ransomware Attacks — A security affecting the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) was exploited as a zero-day in ransomware attacks aimed at a small number of targets, Microsoft revealed. The flaw, CVE-2025-29824, is a privilege escalation vulnerabilit...

Today, every unpatched system, leaked password, and overlooked plugin is a doorway for attackers. Supply chains stretch deep into the code we trust, and malware hides not just in shady apps — but in job offers, hardware, and cloud services we rely on every day. Hackers don't need sophisticated exploits anymore. Sometimes, your credentials and a little social engineering are enough. This week, we trace how simple oversights turn into major breaches — and the silent threats most companies still underestimate. Let's dive in. ⚡ Threat of the Week UNC5221 Exploits New Ivanti Flaw to Drop Malware — The China-nexus cyber espionage group tracked as UNC5221 exploited a now-patched flaw in Ivanti Connect Secure, CVE-2025-22457 (CVSS score: 9.0), to deliver an in-memory dropper called TRAILBLAZE, a passive backdoor codenamed BRUSHFIRE, and the SPAWN malware suite. The vulnerability was originally patched by Ivanti on February 11, 2025, indicating that the threat actors studied the patch a...

Behind every click, there's a risk waiting to be tested. A simple ad, email, or link can now hide something dangerous. Hackers are getting smarter, using new tools to sneak past filters and turn trusted systems against us. But security teams are fighting back. They're building faster defenses, better ways to spot attacks, and stronger systems to keep people safe. It's a constant race — every move by attackers sparks a new response from defenders. In this week's ThreatsDay Bulletin, we look at the latest moves in that race — from new malware and data leaks to AI tools, government actions, and major security updates shaping the digital world right now. U.K. moves to tighten cyber rules for key sectors U.K. Debuts Cyber Security and Resilience Bill The U.K. government has proposed a new Cyber Security and Resilience Bill that aims to strengthen national security and secure public services like healthcare, drinking wat...