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Ubuntu 'command-not-found' Tool Could Trick Users into Installing Rogue Packages

Ubuntu 'command-not-found' Tool Could Trick Users into Installing Rogue Packages

Feb 14, 2024 Software Security / Vulnerability
Cybersecurity researchers have found that it's possible for threat actors to exploit a well-known utility called command-not-found to recommend their own rogue packages and compromise systems running Ubuntu operating system. "While 'command-not-found' serves as a convenient tool for suggesting installations for uninstalled commands, it can be inadvertently manipulated by attackers through the snap repository, leading to deceptive recommendations of malicious packages," cloud security firm Aqua said in a report shared with The Hacker News. Installed by default on Ubuntu systems, command-not-found  suggests  packages to install in interactive bash sessions when attempting to run commands that are not available. The suggestions include both the Advanced Packaging Tool ( APT ) and  snap packages . While the tool uses an internal database ("/var/lib/command-not-found/commands.db") to suggest APT packages, it relies on the " advise-snap " comman
GameOver(lay): Two Severe Linux Vulnerabilities Impact 40% of Ubuntu Users

GameOver(lay): Two Severe Linux Vulnerabilities Impact 40% of Ubuntu Users

Jul 27, 2023 Linux / Endpoint Security
Cybersecurity researchers have disclosed two high-severity security flaws in the Ubuntu kernel that could pave the way for local privilege escalation attacks. Cloud security firm Wiz, in a  report  shared with The Hacker News, said the easy-to-exploit shortcomings have the potential to impact 40% of Ubuntu users. "The impacted Ubuntu versions are prevalent in the cloud as they serve as the default operating systems for multiple [cloud service providers]," security researchers Sagi Tzadik and Shir Tamari said. The  vulnerabilities  – tracked as CVE-2023-2640 and CVE-2023-32629 (CVSS scores: 7.8) and dubbed  GameOver(lay)  – are present in a module called  OverlayFS  and arise as a result of inadequate permissions checks in certain scenarios, enabling a local attacker to gain elevated privileges. Overlay Filesystem refers to a union mount file system that makes it possible to combine multiple directory trees or file systems into a single, unified file system. A brief de
How to Find and Fix Risky Sharing in Google Drive

How to Find and Fix Risky Sharing in Google Drive

Mar 06, 2024Data Security / Cloud Security
Every Google Workspace administrator knows how quickly Google Drive becomes a messy sprawl of loosely shared confidential information. This isn't anyone's fault; it's inevitable as your productivity suite is purposefully designed to enable real-time collaboration – both internally and externally.  For Security & Risk Management teams, the untenable risk of any Google Drive footprint lies in the toxic combinations of sensitive data, excessive permissions, and improper sharing. However, it can be challenging to differentiate between typical business practices and potential risks without fully understanding the context and intent.  Material Security, a company renowned for its innovative method of protecting sensitive data within employee mailboxes, has recently launched  Data Protection for Google Drive  to safeguard the sprawl of confidential information scattered throughout Google Drive with a powerful discovery and remediation toolkit. How Material Security helps organ
A New 'Arbitrary File Copy' Flaw Affects ProFTPD Powered FTP Servers

A New 'Arbitrary File Copy' Flaw Affects ProFTPD Powered FTP Servers

Jul 23, 2019
A German security researcher has publicly disclosed details of a serious vulnerability in one of the most popular FTP server applications, which is currently being used by more than one million servers worldwide. The vulnerable software in question is ProFTPD , an open source FTP server used by a large number of popular businesses and websites including SourceForge, Samba and Slackware, and comes pre-installed with many Linux and Unix distributions, like Debian. Discovered by Tobias Mädel , the vulnerability resides in the mod_copy module of the ProFTPD application, a component that allows users to copy files/directories from one place to another on a server without having to transfer the data to the client and back. According to Mädel, an incorrect access control issue in the mod_copy module could be exploited by an authenticated user to unauthorizedly copy any file on a specific location of the vulnerable FTP server where the user is otherwise not allowed to write a file.
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Ubuntu-Maker Canonical’s GitHub Account Gets Hacked

Ubuntu-Maker Canonical's GitHub Account Gets Hacked

Jul 07, 2019
An unknown hacker yesterday successfully managed to hack into the official GitHub account of Canonical, the company behind the Ubuntu Linux project and created 11 new empty repositories . It appears that the cyberattack was, fortunately, just a "loud" defacement attempt rather than a "silent" sophisticated supply-chain attack that could have been abused to distribute modified malicious versions of the open-source Canonical software. In a statement, David from Canonical confirmed that attacker(s) used a Canonical owned GitHub account whose credentials were compromised to unauthorizedly access Canonical's Github account. "We can confirm that on 2019-07-06 there was a Canonical owned account on GitHub whose credentials were compromised and used to create repositories and issues among other activities," David said. "Canonical has removed the compromised account from the Canonical organization in GitHub and is still investigating the extent o
Snapd Flaw Lets Attackers Gain Root Access On Linux Systems

Snapd Flaw Lets Attackers Gain Root Access On Linux Systems

Feb 13, 2019
Ubuntu and some other Linux distributions suffer from a severe privilege escalation vulnerability that could allow a local attacker or a malicious program to obtain root privileges and total control over the targeted system. Dubbed " Dirty_Sock " and identified as CVE-2019-7304 , the vulnerability was discovered by security researcher Chris Moberly, who privately disclosed it to Canonical, the maker of Ubuntu, late last month. The vulnerability resides in the REST API for snapd service , a universal Linux packaging system that makes an application compatible for various Linux distributions without requiring any modification. Built by Canonical, snapd comes by default installed on all versions of Ubuntu and also used by other Linux distributions, including Debian, OpenSUSE, Arch Linux, Solus, and Fedora. Snap packages are basically applications compressed together with their dependencies that also includes instructions on how to run and interact with other software o
Warning! Unprivileged Linux Users With UID > INT_MAX Can Execute Any Command

Warning! Unprivileged Linux Users With UID > INT_MAX Can Execute Any Command

Dec 06, 2018
Hold tight, this may blow your mind… A low-privileged user account on most Linux operating systems with UID value anything greater than 2147483647 can execute any systemctl command unauthorizedly—thanks to a newly discovered vulnerability. The reported vulnerability actually resides in PolicyKit (also known as polkit)—an application-level toolkit for Unix-like operating systems that defines policies, handles system-wide privileges and provides a way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged ones, such as "sudo," that does not grant root permission to an entire process. The issue, tracked as CVE-2018-19788 , impacts PolicyKit version 0.115 which comes pre-installed on most popular Linux distributions, including Red Hat , Debian ,  Ubuntu , and CentOS. The vulnerability exists due to PolicyKit's improper validation of permission requests for any low-privileged user with UID greater than INT_MAX. Where, INT_MAX is a constant in computer progra
New Privilege Escalation Flaw Affects Most Linux Distributions

New Privilege Escalation Flaw Affects Most Linux Distributions

Oct 26, 2018
An Indian security researcher has discovered a highly critical flaw in X.Org Server package that impacts OpenBSD and most Linux distributions, including Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Red Hat, and Fedora. Xorg X server is a popular open-source implementation of the X11 system (display server) that offers a graphical environment to a wider range of hardware and OS platforms. It serves as an intermediary between client and user applications to manage graphical displays. According to a blog post published by software security engineer Narendra Shinde , Xorg X server doesn't correctly handle and validate arguments for at least two command-line parameters, allowing a low-privileged user to execute malicious code and overwrite any file—including files owned by privileged users like root. The flaw, tracked as CVE-2018-14665 , was introduced in X.Org server 1.19.0 package that remained undetected for almost two years and could have been exploited by a local attacker on the terminal or vi
Google Hacker Discloses New Linux Kernel Vulnerability and PoC Exploit

Google Hacker Discloses New Linux Kernel Vulnerability and PoC Exploit

Sep 28, 2018
A cybersecurity researcher with Google Project Zero has released the details, and a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit for a high severity vulnerability that exists in Linux kernel since kernel version 3.16 through 4.18.8. Discovered by white hat hacker Jann Horn, the kernel vulnerability (CVE-2018-17182) is a cache invalidation bug in the Linux memory management subsystem that leads to use-after-free vulnerability, which if exploited, could allow an attacker to gain root privileges on the targeted system. The use-after-free (UAF) vulnerabilities are a class of memory corruption bug that can be exploited by unprivileged users to corrupt or alter data in memory, enabling them to cause a denial of service (system crash) or escalate privileges to gain administrative access on a system. Linux Kernel Exploit Takes an Hour to Gain Root Access However, Horn says his PoC Linux kernel exploit made available to the public "takes about an hour to run before popping a root shell."
Microsoft Releases PowerShell Core for Linux as a Snap Package

Microsoft Releases PowerShell Core for Linux as a Snap Package

Jul 20, 2018
Microsoft's love for Linux continues… Microsoft has released its command-line shell and scripting language PowerShell Core for Linux operating system as a Snap package, making it easier for Linux users to install Microsoft PowerShell on their system. Yes, you heard me right. Microsoft has made PowerShell Core available to the Ubuntu Snap Store as a Snap application. PowerShell Core is a cross-platform version of Windows PowerShell that is already available for Windows, macOS, and Linux OS and has been designed for sysadmins who manage assets in hybrid clouds and heterogeneous environments. Snap is a universal Linux packaging system, built by Canonical for the Ubuntu operating system, which makes an application compatible for all major Linux distributions without requiring any modification. A Snap package is basically an application compressed together with its dependencies and also includes instructions on how to run and interact with other software on various Linu
Ubuntu Linux for Windows 10 Released — Yes, You Read it Right

Ubuntu Linux for Windows 10 Released — Yes, You Read it Right

Jul 14, 2017
Windows and Linux in the same line? Yes, you heard that right... and that too, on the same computer and within the same operating system. Two months ago, Microsoft announced its plans to let its users install three different flavours of the Linux operating system – Ubuntu , Fedora , and SUSE – directly through their Windows Store, allowing them to run Windows and Linux apps side-by-side. Now, downloading an entire operating system has just become as easy as downloading an application with the availability of popular Linux distro 'Ubuntu' in the Windows App Store . However, unlike a conventional Ubuntu installation, this Ubuntu version runs in a sandboxed alongside Windows 10 with limited interaction with the operating system and is focused on running regular command-line utilities like bash or SSH as a standalone installation through an Ubuntu Terminal. For now, Ubuntu is currently only available to Windows 10 Insiders users and would be made available to the pub
Your Linux Machine Can Be Hacked Remotely With Just A Malicious DNS Response

Your Linux Machine Can Be Hacked Remotely With Just A Malicious DNS Response

Jun 29, 2017
A critical vulnerability has been discovered in Systemd , the popular init system and service manager for Linux operating systems, that could allow remote attackers to potentially trigger a buffer overflow to execute malicious code on the targeted machines via a DNS response. The vulnerability, designated as CVE-2017-9445 , actually resides in the ' dns_packet_new ' function of 'systemd-resolved,' a DNS response handler component that provides network name resolution to local applications. According to an advisory published Tuesday, a specially crafted malicious DNS response can crash 'systemd-resolved' program remotely when the system tries to lookup for a hostname on an attacker-controlled DNS service. Eventually, large DNS response overflows the buffer, allowing an attacker to overwrite the memory which leads to remote code execution. This means the attackers can remotely run any malware on the targeted system or server via their evil DNS service
Microsoft Brings Ubuntu, Suse, and Fedora Linux to Windows Store

Microsoft Brings Ubuntu, Suse, and Fedora Linux to Windows Store

May 12, 2017
Microsoft has been expressing its love for Linux and Open Source for almost three years now, and this love is embracing as time passes. Just last year, Microsoft made headlines by building support for the Bash shell and Ubuntu Linux binaries into Windows 10, allowing users to run limited instances of Linux directly on top of the OS without installing any virtual machine, as well as developers to run command-line tools while building apps. Now, Microsoft has announced at its Build developer conference in Seattle that three different flavors of the free Linux operating system are coming to the company's app store, so its users can run Windows and Linux apps side-by-side. Yes, it's no joke. Three versions of Linux distributions – Ubuntu, Fedora, and SUSE – are coming to the Windows Store. Now, you'll soon be able to install these Linux operating systems on your Windows device just like any other app. While Ubuntu is already available on the Windows Store for a
Ubuntu’s Crash Report Tool Allows Remote Code Execution

Ubuntu's Crash Report Tool Allows Remote Code Execution

Dec 16, 2016
No software is immune to being Hacked! Not even Linux. A security researcher has discovered a critical vulnerability in Ubuntu Linux operating system that would allow an attacker to remotely compromise a target computer using a malicious file. The vulnerability affects all default Ubuntu Linux installations versions 12.10 (Quantal) and later. Researcher Donncha O'Cearbhaill discovered the security bug which actually resides in the Apport crash reporting tool on Ubuntu. A successful exploit of this CrashDB code injection issue could allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on victim's machine. All an attacker needs is to trick the Ubuntu user into opening a maliciously booby-trapped crash file. This would inject malicious code in Ubuntu OS's crash file handler, which when parsed, executes arbitrary Python code. "The code first checks if the CrashDB field starts with { indicating the start of a Python dictionary," O'Cearbhaill explain
Happy Birthday! LINUX Turns 25 Years Old Today

Happy Birthday! LINUX Turns 25 Years Old Today

Aug 24, 2016
Linux has turned 25! Dear all, today is August 25, 2016, and it is time for the celebration, as it's the 25th Anniversary of the Linux project, announced by its creator, Finnish programmer Linus Torvalds , on August 25, 1991. Who can forget one of the most famous messages in the computing world posted by Torvalds exactly 25 years ago today, on 25 August 1991: Hello everybody out there using minix - I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. This has been brewing since april, and is starting to get ready. I'd like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat. Since its birth, Linux has become the largest shared technology on the planet and has changed the world in more ways than one can imagine. While not initially designed to be portable, Linux is one of the most widely ported operating system kernels, which runs on a vast range of systems from co
Ubuntu Linux Forum Hacked! Once Again

Ubuntu Linux Forum Hacked! Once Again

Jul 15, 2016
No software is immune to being Hacked! Not even Linux. The Ubuntu online forums have been hacked, and data belonging to over 2 Million users have been compromised, Canonical just announced. The compromised users' data include their IP addresses, usernames, and email addresses, according to the company, who failed to apply a patch to secure its users' data. However, users should keep in mind that the hack did not affect the Ubuntu operating system, or it was not due to a vulnerability or weakness in the OS. Instead, the breach only affected the Ubuntu online forums that people use to discuss the OS, said BetaNews, who initially reported the news. "There has been a security breach on the Ubuntu Forums site," Jane Silber, Chief Executive Officer at Canonical wrote in a blog post . "We take information security and user privacy very seriously, follow a strict set of security practices and this incident has triggered a thorough investigation." "C
How to run Graphical Ubuntu Linux from Bash Shell in Windows 10

How to run Graphical Ubuntu Linux from Bash Shell in Windows 10

Jul 12, 2016
You might be aware of Microsoft and Canonical's partnership to integrate " Bash on Ubuntu on Windows 10 ," which is typically a non-graphical Ubuntu running over Windows Subsystem for Linux . Windows 10 doesn't officially support graphical Linux desktop applications. But, now we have noticed a very interesting ticket titled "Run Any Desktop Environment in WSL" raised at Github  repository, in which a user who goes by name Guerra24 has managed to run the graphical version of Ubuntu Linux, i.e. Ubuntu Unity on Windows 10. It's not " Microsoft Linux ." BASH or Bourne Again Shell is capable of handling advanced command line functionalities. Microsoft has provided support for Bash on Windows 10 as an expansion of its command-line tool family, so don't get confused. The Bash on Windows 10 feature is designed only for developers who want to run Linux terminal utilities without any OS dependencies. However, this feature downloads and installs
Microsoft Chooses Ubuntu Linux for their Cloud-based Azure HDInsight Big Data Solution

Microsoft Chooses Ubuntu Linux for their Cloud-based Azure HDInsight Big Data Solution

Sep 30, 2015
Earlier this month, Microsoft surprised us all with the announcement that they built a Linux kernel-based operating system, Azure Cloud Switch (ACS) , for developing software products for Network Devices. Now, Microsoft just announced that they have selected Ubuntu as the operating system for their Cloud-based Big Data services. Yes, Microsoft needs Linux. To expand its Azure Data Lake project, that makes Big Data processing and Analytics simpler and more accessible, Microsoft has partnered with Hortonworks and Canonical to launch " Azure HDInsight " for Linux users. Azure HDInsight is a Hadoop-based Big Data solution powered by Cloud that is now also available for Ubuntu, along with Windows OS. By offering both Windows and Linux clusters, Microsoft's fulfills its aim to enhance its own cross-platform aspirations that will accelerate a move towards Hybrid Cloud Computing . " The collaboration between Microsoft and Canonical to create the option to run Azur
Ubuntu Forums hacked; 2 million user's personal Information compromised

Ubuntu Forums hacked; 2 million user's personal Information compromised

Jul 21, 2013
Ubuntuforums.org , The popular Ubuntu Forums site, has posted a message on its index page, informing its near 2 million users that it has suffered a serious security breach. " There has been a security breach on the Ubuntu Forums, " reads the page. The site was defaced by hacker with Twitter handle " Sputn1k_ " and Unfortunately the attacker have gotten every user's local username, encrypted password, and email address from the Ubuntu Forums database. " The Canonical IS team is working hard as we speak to restore normal operations ." page said. Canonical advises users who have used their same forum password on other sites to change it immediately. " Ubuntu One, Launchpad and other Ubuntu/Canonical services are not affected by the breach, " company stated.
Canonical to create UbuntuKylin OS for Chinese users

Canonical to create UbuntuKylin OS for Chinese users

Mar 23, 2013
Canonical, the software company that manages and funds Ubuntu, announced to develop a new, open-source operating system customized especially for Chinese users called ' UbuntuKylin OS '. According to the BBC, Chinese government and Canonical partner to launch its home grown operating system. China signaled its intention to move away from its dependence on western software products i.e windows. Canonical staff and Chinese researchers will be working on the OS at a Beijing lab. China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will collaborate with Canonical to come up with Kylin to run on servers, aimed at websites, online shops, and hosting. The first version of Ubuntu Kylin is for the laptops and desktops. Therefore the Android dominates the Chinese market for a few more years. The Ubuntu Kylin is not for the mobile device because Canonical already has the Ubuntu Mobile OS. Future releases will also include integration with Baidu maps and shoppi
Pwn Pad Android device, Network hacking machine launched

Pwn Pad Android device, Network hacking machine launched

Feb 23, 2013
Security tools company Pwnie Express is making a network hacking focused Android device called the Pwn Pad . The device is based on the Google Nexus 7 specs, with USB-based Bluetooth, Ethernet and WiFi to gauge the security of a network beyond what Google's tablet can manage on its own. Pwn Pad  will be introduced at the RSA security conference in San Francisco next week and Pwnie Express is also releasing the Pwn Pad source code. This will allow hackers to download the software and get it up and running on other types of Android phones and tablets. " Every pen tester we know has a phone and a tablet and a laptop, but none of them has been able to do pen-testing from the tablet ," says Dave Porcello, Pwnie Express's CEO said to  wired . Most interesting part is that, first time the most popular wireless hacking tools like Aircrack-ng and Kismet introduced on an Android device.  The complete list of the tool available  in this suite are:  Wireless Tools: Aircrac
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